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Chemical principle processes 1
- 2. CHEMICAL PROCESS PRINCIPLE-I CHE-120 3 CREDIT HOURS Department of Chemical Engineering, Engr. Khurram Shahzad
- 3. LECTURE 1
- 4. Course Outline Units, dimensions and conversions, Pressure scales, Composition of mixtures, Ideal gas laws, Equation of State and its deviations, Daltons law, Henry’s Law and Raoult’s Law, Antoine Equation, Relative volatility. Heat capacity, latent heat and enthalpy. Principles of Stiochiometric Combination: Nature of balances; concept of a valance, Input- output relationships, steady state considerations, Block box approach, Sub-systems and interconnections. Familiarization with flow sheets, Mass and energy balance diagrams and tables.
- 5. Recommended Books: 1. Himmelblau David M. “Basic Principles and Calculations in Chemical Engineering”, 7th Ed. 2003, Prentice Hall PTR 2. Felder Richard M., Rousseuau Ronald W., “Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes”, 3rd Ed. 2001, John Wiley & Sons 3. Reklaitis G.V, Schneider Daniel R., “Introduction to Material and Energy Balances”, 1983, John Wiley & Sons. 4. Hougen Olaf A., Watson KennethM., “Chemical Processes Principles”, 2004, John Wiley & Sons, CBS Publishers. 5. Chopy & Hicks, “Handbook of Chemical Engineering Calculations” 2nd Ed. 1994 McGraw Hill Professional Publishing 6. B.I Bhatt, “Stoichiometry”, 2004, McGraw Hill
- 6. DISTRIBUTION OF SESSIONAL MARKS ASSIGNMENTS 10 QUIZ 10 PRESENTATION 5 TOTAL 25
- 7. Good Learning Practices (Learn How to Learn) People learn by practicing and reflecting Not by watching and listening “You learn by doing” Learning involves more than memorizing Recording, copying, and outlining notes will be of little help. Practice will help you to apply your knowledge.
- 8. Suggestions to Enhance your Learning assimilate, and practice your skills in solving pertinent problems. Exchange ideas. Learn Everyday Seek answers to unanswer questions Employ active reading
- 9. What Do Chemical Engineers Do? Intriguing, challenging, and flexible profession. Work in wide variety of industries focus on design, operation, control, troubleshooting, research, management, and even political(environment and economics concerns) Table
- 14. Data Source on Web
- 16. Objectives This subject is not an introduction to chemical engineering as profession. We will focus instead on five general objectives 1. To introduce you to the principle and calculation techniques used in chemical engineering. 2. To acquaint you with what material and energy balances are, and how to formulate and solve them. 3. To assist you in learning efficient and consistent methods of problems solving so that you can effectively solve problems you will encounter after leaving institute.
- 17. 4. To offer practice in defining problems, collecting data, analyzing the data and breaking it down into basic patterns, and selecting pertinent information for application. 5. To review certain principles of applied chemistry.
- 18. The major portion of the subject comprises of four parts. Part 1. Background information Part 2. Material Balances Part 3. Behavior of gases, liquids and solids Part 4. Energy Balances Part 1 and 3 will be covered in CPP-I and remaining will be in CPP-II.
- 19. Part 1. Background information 1. Dimensions, Units, and their Conversion 2. Moles, Density, and Concentration 3. Choosing a Basis 4. Temperature 5. Pressure
- 20. The Need for Review 1. From experience we have found it necessary to restate these familiar basic concepts in some what more precise and clearer fashion. 2. You will need practice to develop your ability to analyze and work engineering problems.
- 21. The bridge to success
- 22. You should already be familiar a. Mole and mole fraction b. Density and specific gravity c. Measurement of concentration d. Temperature e. Pressure A firm grasp of this information(Part 1) will help guarantee “plug and play” acquisition of the information in remaining parts.
- 23. You will find that adding new ideas and techniques will be as easy as copying and paste images in a computer. Consider the story on next slide;
- 24. One night a group of nomads were preparing to retire for the evening when suddenly they were surrounded by a great light. They Knew they were in the presence of celestial being. With great anticipation, they awaited a heavenly message of great importance that they knew must be especially for them. Finally, the voice spoke. “ Gather as many pebbles as you can. Put them in your saddle bags. Travel a day’s journey and tomorrow night will find you glad and it will find you sad.”
- 25. After the light departed, the nomads shared their disappointment and anger with each other. They had expected he revelation of a great universal truth that would enable them to create wealth, health, and purpose for the world. But instead they were given a menial task that made no sense to them at all. However, the memory of the brilliance of their visitor caused each one to pick up a few pebbles and deposit them in their saddle bags while voicing their displeasure.
- 26. They traveled a day’s journey and that night while making camp, they reached into their saddle bags and discovered every pebble they had gathered had become; a diamonds. They were sad they had not gathered more pebbles.
- 28. UNITS AND DIMENSION Engineers and scientists have to be able to communicate not only with words but also by carefully defined numerical descriptions. Columbus proposal rejected by the Portugal King John, because Portuguese experts believed that the distance to Indies was 10,000(U.S) miles four times Columbus estimated 2,500 (U.S) miles. Read the news report that appeared in the Wall Steet Journal. June 6, 2001, on page A22
- 29. SEOUL, South Korea--- A mix up in the cockpit over whether altitude guidance was measured in feet or meters led to the crash of a Korean Air Lines McDonnell Douglas MD-11 freighter soon after takeoff in Shanghai in April 1999, investigator said. The crash killed all three crew members. Five people on the ground were killed and 40 more were injured when the plane went down in light rain onto a construction site near Shangai’s Hongqiao Airport.
- 30. According to summary of the crash report released by South Korea authorities, a Chinese air-traffic controller directed the pilots to an altitude of 1,500meters(4,950feet).The plane was climbing rapidly to that level when the copilot told the pilot he thought the instructed height was 1,500feet, equivalent to 455 ,meters. The international aviation industry commonly measures altitude in feet, and the confusion led the pilot to conclude the jet was almost 1,000 meters too high, so he quickly moved the controls to lower the plane. As the plane descended, the pilot realized the error but couldn't correct the mistake in time.
- 31. South Korea Minister of Construction and Transportation said Korean air Lines would lose the right to serve the Seoul-Shangai cargo route for at least two years because of error by the pilots. Korean air Lines said it would appeal the decision………………………..
- 32. Reality Check... Are units really important? Is checking your work and your team’s work really important? Mars Lander (ABC news) Mars Lander (NASA)
Editor's Notes
- Assimilate : take in (information, ideas, or culture) and understand fully.
- Intrique: arouse the curiosity or interest of; fascinate.
- Acquaint: make someone aware of or familiar with.
- Grasp: a firm hold or grip گرفت
- Nomads: گلہ بانی کا Saddle: کاٹھی, a seat fastened on the back of a horse or other animal for riding, typically made of leather and raised at the front and rear. a seat on a bicycle or motorcycle. 2. something resembling a saddle in appearance, function, or position, in particular. a low part of a ridge between two higher points or peaks. Mathematics a low region of a curve between two high points, especially (in three dimensions) one representing the highest point of a curve in one direction and the lowest point in another direction. the part of a draft horse's harness that supports the straps to which the shafts are attached. a shaped support on which a cable, wire, or pipe rests. a fireclay bar for supporting ceramic ware in a kiln. 3. a large cut of meat consisting of the two loins. the lower part of the back in a mammal or fowl, especially when distinct in shape or marking. verb
- Revelation: a surprising and previously unknown fact, especially one that is made known in a dramatic way. "revelations about his personal life" synonyms:disclosure, surprising fact, announcement, report; Moreadmission, confession "revelations about his personal life" the making known of something that was previously secret or unknown. "the revelation of an alleged plot to assassinate the king" synonyms:divulging, divulgence, disclosure, disclosing, letting slip, letting drop, giving away, giving out, leaking, leak, betrayal, unveiling, making known, making public, broadcasting, publicizing, dissemination, reporting, report, declaring, declaration "the revelation of a secret" used to emphasize the surprising or remarkable quality of someone or something. "seeing them play at international level was a revelation" 2. the divine or supernatural disclosure to humans of something relating to human existence or the world. "an attempt to reconcile Darwinian theories with biblical revelation“ Menial: (of work) not requiring much skill and lacking prestige. "menial factory jobs" Brilliance: intense brightness of light.
- Cockpit: a compartment for the pilot and sometimes also the crew in an aircraft or spacecraft. Freighter: a ship or aircraft designed to carry goods in bulk.